of toronto



PATENTED JAN. 5,1904.

G. E. B. PARKIN.

SCREW DRIVER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 27. 1903.

UNITED STATES 3 Patented January 5, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE EDWARD BLIGH PARKIN, OF TORONTO, CANADA, ASSIGNOR TO ALEXANDERDOUGLAS FISHER, OF TORONTO, ONTARIO, CANADA.

SCREW-DRIVER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 748,879, dated January5, 1904;.

Application filed March 2% 1903. Serial No. 1491 2 (N m -l To all whomit may concern:

Be it known. that I, GEORGE EDWARD ABLIGH PARKIN, traveler, a subject ofthe King tion is to design a device of this class by means of which thescrew will be yieldingly held and guided, so that same will be screwedinto the wood in a straight position, and to rotate the screw-chamberwith the driver, so that the supporting members for the screws will notbe bent out of alinement.

The construction and operation of my improved screw-driver will be fullyset forth and described in the annexed specification and drawings.

Figure 1 is a general perspective view of my screw-driver. Fig. 2 isalongitudinal section through the chamber, showing construction of same.Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the chamber and supportingmembers used for so pporting the screw. Fig. 4 is an end view of thescrew-driver, showing the head of the screw supported between thesupporting members. Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of one of thesupporting members used for supporting the screw.

In the drawings like letters of reference indicate corresponding partsin each figure.

A is the chamber, which is preferably round and is provided with asuitable opening B, by means of which the screws are inserted thereinto.Near the outer end of this chamber the same is cut away on oppositesides, forming opening 0, in which operate the supporting ends D of thesupporting members E, which are designed to support the screw. Uponreferring to the drawings it will be noticed that the supporting membersE are secured on the outside of the cham- A, so as to have yieldingmovement and normally rest parallel therewith.

The preferred form of construction for the supporting ends is asfollows: In their normal position the inner edges (1 of the supportingends D abut each other. These support- .struction.

ing ends are preferably formed integral with the body portions F and areconstructed in a curved or hollowed-out manner, as shown at G, so as toofier as little resistance as possible to the screw and to guide sameinto the passage-way H, formed by the V shaped grooves I of the saidsupporting ends. The said grooves need not necessarilybe made V- shaped.When the supporting ends are in their normai position, 'it will beunderstood that the longitudinal axis of their passageway H will be on aline with the longitudinal axis of the chamber A. I make the grooves inthe supporting ends I) of sufficient length so as to hold the'screw inposition. I preferably construct the sides of the V-shaped groovesIwitha editable taper, so as to better support the screws; but soconstructing the said V-shaped grooves is not essential to the operationof this device. The end K of the chamber A extends a short distancebeyond the ends of the supporting ends D, so as to prevent saidsupporting ends from coming in contact with the surface receiving thescrew.

As shown in the drawings, I preferably secure the ends of the bodyportions F of the supporting members to the chamber A by means of asuitable ring L, brazed thereto, but of course do not confine myself tothis manner of construction of attaching the said supporting members tosaid chamber.

M is the driving-bar provided with the usual beveled end N, whichengages with the screw-head, so as to drive same into the wood. Thisdriving-bar maybe of any suitable con- From my knowledge of the state ofthe art I know that there have been springs and spring -held jaws usedfor supporting the screws; but the means or supporting parts to whichthe said springs or spring-held jaws are secured do not rotate with thedrivingbar. As is well known, the driving end of a screw-driver or adriving-bar is beveled. Gonseqnently by reason of the non-rotation ofthe supporting parts for the said springs or spring-held jaws the sameare forced to spring outward and inward by reason of the action of thisbeveled end, consequently weakening same. As the beveled sides of thehead of the driving-bar come in contact with the said springs orspring-held "jaws same has a tendency to bind against these screw-supporting means,'so as to bend them out of alinement. By rotating thechamber A and the supporting members E with the driving-bar M, Ientirely prevent any possibility of the beveled end Nfrom bending thesaid supporting members out of alinement.

I have constructed my device as follows in order to insure the chamber Aand its connected parts turning with the driving-bar M. I alsopreferably construct my device so that the driving-bar cannot bewithdrawn from the chamber A. The upper end of the chamber A isflattened on one side, thus providing a stop 0, against which a shoulderP, formed on the driving-bar, abuts. The driving-bar is constructed witha flat side Q, so that same may be readily operated within the chamber.This construction of the driving-bar will insure the chamber A turningtherewith. It will be understood from Figs. 3 and 4 that the farther thescrew is screwed into the wood the wider apart the supporting ends D areforced. As the head of the screw comes in contact with the supportingends D same are forced apart into the position shown in Fig. 4, and asthe end N of the driving-bar passes between said members the same arestill farther forced apart, so as to permit the driving-bar to performits function. The driving-bar is of course provided with any suitablehandle R.

As the openings 0 are only of sufficient size as to permit thesupporting ends D to freely operate therethrough, it will be understoodthat it is most important that the chamber A rotate with the driving-barM. Were the chamber A held stationary, the action of the beveled end Nwould bend the supporting members E but of alinement, and thus preventtheir operation.

I do not confine myself to the construction shown, by means of which thechamber A is made to rotate with the driving-bar M. It will be furtherunderstood that I can construct my screw-driver so that the parts willturn together without necessarily using a stop to prevent thedriving-bar from being withdrawn from the chamber A.

I herein claim that I may make such alterations in the construction ofmy screw-driver that will not depart from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim as my invention is 1. A device of the class described,comprising a chamber provided with a side opening through which thescrews are introduced thereinto, and two opposed openings constructednear its outer end. so that the end of said chamber will extend beyondthe ends of the supporting members for the screw; supporting members,yieldingly secured on the outside of said chamber, and operating withinsame by means of said openings, so

as to hold the screw; a driving-bar operating 1 of the supportingmembers for the screw;

within said chamber so as to drive the screw; and means whereby the saiddriving-bar has only longitudinal movement in said chamber which mustrotate therewith.

2. A device of the class described, com-' prising a chamber providedwith a side opening through which the screws are introduced thereinto,and two opposed openings constructed near its outer end so that the endof said chamber will extend beyond the ends of the supporting membersfor the screw; supporting members, yieldingly secured on the outside ofsaid chamber, and operating within same by means of said openings, so asto hold the screw; a driving-bar operating within said chamber so as todrive the screw; means whereby the said driving-bar has onlylongitudinal movement in said chamber which must rotate therewith, andmeans to prevent the driving-bar from being withdrawn from said chamber.

3. A device of the class described, comprising a chamber provided with aside opening through which the screws are introduced thereinto, and twoopposed openings constructed near its outer end so that the end of saidchamber will extend beyond the ends of the supporting members for thescrew; supporting members, yieldingly secured on the outside of saidchamber, and operating within same by means of said openings, so as tohold the screw; thesupporting ends of said supporting members beingprovided with slots which, at their inner end, open out in a curvedconstruction G, the said slots together forming a common slot thelongitudinal axis of which is on a line with the longitudinal axis ofsaid chamber; a drivingbar operating within said chamber so as to drivethe screw, and means whereby the said dri ving-bar has only longitudinalmovement in said chamber which must rotate therewith.

4. A device of the class described, comprising a chamber provided with aside opening through which the screws are introduced thereinto, and twoopposed openings constructed near its outer end so that the end of saidchamber will extend beyond the ends of the supporting members for thescrew; supporting members, yieldingly secured on the outside of saidchamber, and operating within same by means of said openings, so as tohold the screw; a driving-bar operating within said chamber so as todrive the screw; the said chamber being constructed with a flattenedportion and the said driving-bar being provided with a flat side so asto operate within said chamber and rotate same.

5. A device of the class described, comprising a chamber provided with aside opening through which the screws are introduced thereinto, and twoopposed openings constructed near its outer end so that the end of saidchamber will extend beyond the ends supporting members, yieidinglysecured on the outside of said chamber, and operating within same bymeans of said openings, so

as to hold the screw; a. driving-bar operating within said chamber so asto drive the screw, the said chamber being constructed with a. flattenedportion, which forms a stop, and the said driving-bar being providedwith a. shoulder abutting said stop, one side of said 10 driving-barbeing flattened so that it will GEORGE EDWARD BLIGH PARKIN.

Witnesses:

EGERTON R. CASE, A. D. FISHER.

